美国上诉法院裁定国防部可将 Anthropic 列入黑名单
Court rules Pentagon can blacklist Anthropic for refusing to enable Claude features
美国上诉法院裁定国防部有权将 Anthropic 列入黑名单，因其拒绝为军方启用某些 Claude 功能，且此类限制在国防部长权限范围之内。法院在 2-1 裁决中承认该案反映军事 AI 的两难：过度受限的模型可能导致军事行动失败，不受约束的模型则可能幻觉出错误的杀伤目标。此前法庭已在四月驳回 Anthropic 的紧急暂缓请求。
A US appeals court today approved the Department of Defense's blacklisting of Anthropic technology. Judges decided the Trump administration had authority to blacklist Anthropic for withholding certain AI features from the military even if Anthropic had no malicious intent.
In a 2-1 ruling issued by the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, a panel of judges said the "case raises profoundly difficult questions about the appropriate military uses of an almost unimaginably powerful new technology." The US "raises the deeply sobering prospect of overly constrained AI models shutting down unexpectedly and thus causing important military operations to fail. Anthropic raises the deeply sobering prospect of unconstrained AI models hallucinating inappropriate targets for lethal military force," the ruling said.
Trump and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth "must determine how best to balance the competing risks," the court said. "In doing so here, the Secretary did not transgress any limits on his authority under the Supply Chain Security Act or the Constitution. Accordingly, we deny the petitions for review." The same court previously denied Anthropic's emergency motion for a stay in April.
来源：Ars Technica · AI · arstechnica.com